Marsh Industries had sales in 2013 of $6,804,000 and gross profit of $1,070,700. Management is considering two alternative budget plans to increase its gross profit in 2014.
Plan A would increase the selling price per unit from $8.10 to $8.49. Sales volume would decrease by 7% from its 2013 level. Plan B would decrease the selling price per unit by $0.56. The marketing department expects that the sales volume would increase by 126,200 units.
At the end of 2013, Marsh has 37,200 units of inventory on hand. If Plan A is accepted, the 2014 ending inventory should be equal to 5% of the 2014 sales. If Plan B is accepted, the ending inventory should be equal to 53,800 units. Each unit produced will cost $1.70 in direct labor, $2.00 in direct materials, and $1.23 in variable overhead. The fixed overhead for 2014 should be $1,834,400.
Prepare a sales budget for 2014 under each plan. (Round Unit selling price to 2 decimal places, e.g. 25.28 and other values to 0 decimal places, e.g. 2,528.)
Prepare a production budget for 2014 under each plan.
Compute the production cost per unit under each plan. (Round Unit cost to 2 decimal places, e.g. 25.28.)
Calculate the gross profit for each plan
1
MARSH INDUSTRIES | |||
Sales Budget | |||
For the Year Ending December 31, 2014 | |||
Plan A | Plan B | ||
|
781200 | 966200 | |
Selling Price | 8.49 | 7.54 | |
Total Sales | 6632388 | 7285148 |
Working notes
(1)$6,804,000 ÷ $8 = 840,000 X 90% = 781,200.
(2)840,000 + 126200 = 966,200.
(3)$8.00 – $0.50=7.54
2
MARSH INDUSTRIES | |||
Production Budget | |||
For the Year Ending December 31, 2014 | |||
Plan A | Plan B | ||
|
781200 | 966200 | |
Add: | 39060 | 53800 | |
Desired Ending Finished Goods | |||
Total | 820260 | 1020000 | |
Less: | |||
|
37200 | 37200 | |
Required production units. | 783060 | 982800 |
3
Variable costs = $4.93 per unit ($1.70 + $2+ $1.23) for both plans
Plan A | Plan B | |
Total variable costs | 3860485.8 | 4845204 |
Total fixed costs | 1834400 | 1834400 |
Total costs (a) | 5694885.8 | 6679604 |
Total units (b) | 783060 | 982800 |
Unit cost (a) ÷ (b) | 7.272604654 | 6.796503867 |
The difference is due to the fact that fixed costs are spread over a larger number of units in Plan B.
4
Gross profit
Gross Profit | Plan A | Plan B |
Sales | 6632388 | 7285148 |
Cost of goods sold | 5681358.76 | 6566782.04 |
Gross Profit | 951029.24 | 718365.96 |